Improvement in water-elevators



TTED STATES PAT JAMES FRERET, OF NEWT ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

iM PRovEivl ENT'IN wATi= Ri:LEvATons.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 58,093, dated September1L", i865.

To all 'whom yit may concern I Be it known that I, JAMES FRERET, ot' thecity ot' New Orleans, parish of Orleans, and

i State of Louisiana, have invented a new and useful Improvement on FHeros Fountain,7 and also on a certain contrivance used at Chemnitz,Hungary; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the same, reference being had to the annexeddrawings, making part ot this specification, in which- Figure l is asectional view of part of my invention; Figs. 2 and 3, similar views ofmy automatic valves.

My invention has for its object the automatic elevation of water orother liquid above its level without the use of forcing-pumps or otherexpensive mechanical appliance; and this end is accomplished through theagency ofthe welllznown principle in physics which is familiarlyillustrated in Heros fountain, and also in a certain contrivance used atChemnitz, Hungary, in combination with certain valves, to be hereinaftermore particularly described.

The -principle referred to may be stated brieiiy to be that the pressureexerted by acolumn ofwatcrin an air-tight cistern, being transmitted bythe air it compresses to another airtight cistern containing water bymeans of a pipe or other suitable conductor, will cause the water torise in a pipe communicating with it to a height above its level equalto the height ofthe first column of water, so that when the secondcistern is elevated above the other the water in it will be forced to apoint above its level which will be equal, or very nearl y equal, to theelevation of the head of water or source oi' supply above the lowercistern.

The contrivance used at Chemnitz may be described to he substantiallythe application ot' valves or other equivalent mechanical coutrivancesto alternate the lling and emptying of such cisterns, and thereby toelevate the water or other liquid, as the case may be, above` the levelit would otherwise attain through the action of the above-mentioned lawof nature; and it may consist of two air-tight cisterns, G and F, Fig.1, which receive the` water at their bottoms, the cistern G being` soplaced near the ground or door, accordingly as the apparatus is withoutor within doors, as to be conveniently accessible, while F is elevatedto the highest point at which it maybe regularly supplied with waterfrom the head or source ci' supply, whether the same be an ordinarycistern or any other description of reservoir whatsoever, and two simplevalves, A and B, of which A allows the water to iow into cistern F,and B provides for its exit from the said cistern into the vertical pipeor tube H. The two cisterne are connected at their respective tops bythe air-pipe J, as shown at Fig. l. In such an arrangement there wouldbe an equivalentof an exhaust pipe or cock, L, and a supply-pipe, M,provided with a stopeock, the tirst to discharge the cistern of itswater, the last to till or replenish the same.

The operation of the invention, when its organization is as abovedescribed, is as follows, to wit: The cistern F being full ofwater, andG empty, and the exhaust-cock closed, on opening the supply-pipe M bymeans of a stop-cock, (not shown on the drawings,) the inrushing waterwill force the air through the connectingpipe J and transmit thepressure to the upper or superior cistern, close valve A and open valveB, and expel the water into and through the vertical pipe B to a pointcorresponding in its altitude above cistern F to the height ot' the headwhich supplies the water. If the i supply-pipe'M be now closed and theexhaustcock L opened, the water in cistern Gr will be dischargedtherefrom, and, the pressure being removed from the air in cistern F, itwill return through pipe J to cistern G. The expelling pressure beingthus removed, the valve B will be closed by the weight of the water intube H, and valve A be reopened by its release from pressure, thuscausing cistern F to be again iilled from the reservoir or head. Onrefilling cistern G the operation may be repeated, and so onindefinitely. This arrangement would be an improvement on the Chemnitzplan 5 but, like the lai ter, it requires a constant manipulation tokeep it in operation, and my object is to make a seltactin g apparatus.

'lo establish an automatic operation, I substitute, in lieu ofthestop-cock in supplypipe M, a valve, C, (see Fig. 1,) or other equivalentdevice, which is controlled by a float, N, :inside the cistern, soarranged as to open the valve when the cistern is empty and close itwhen the cistern is full. In this arrangement, as in the firstdescribed, the water is drawn from cistern G by an exhaust-cock; but bythev application and use of the double or compound valve C D, (see Fig.2,) which is so arranged that one is open While the other is shut, Cfilling and D emptying the cistern, there is established a continuousautomatic action without the use of the stop-cock, which may be entirelydispensed with.

The valve C is of ordinary construction and closes inwardly from thesupply-pipe. 0n the same stein to which C is attached is secured in areverse position the annular valve D', the seat of which is perforatedfor the escape of the water, as seen at a, Fig. 2, so that when C isopen D is closed, and the water passes into the recipient. lVhen C isclosed and D open, the water escapes through the perforated seat into anouter jacket, and is thence carried off. A modification ot' valves C Dis represented at C D, Fig. 3. In both these forms the device alternatesthe filling and emptying the recipient to which it is attached, and issubjected to little or no friction or resistance, each requiring' littleplay of the float and being kept closed by the very pressure it resists.There being no jacket required in connection with the valves C D, thetluid escapes freeiy.

It is obvious, upon the slighest consideration and inspection, that myinvention is susceptible of a great variety of combinations, and that bythe employment of several sets of eisterns water may be raised by asystem of relays to almost any reasonable point of elevation, and thatthe pressure in one inferior cistern may be exerted through the agencyof impure water, while in another it is exerted 'through Ithe medium ofpure water, &e.

In the p 1aetical use of such combinations or arrangements I render eachcistern independent by placing near the top of the lower or i'nferiorsystem, which may be said to have its representative in G, two valvessimilar to A B, for the admission of the air into and its transmission'from the eistern to which the valves are attached, and at the'top ofeach cistern of the second or superior system, a representative of whichis presented in F, a double valve, C D l which, it will be remembered,is operated by a float for the admission of the compressed air into andits escape from the cistern with which it is connected, as is clearlyshown at Fig. 3.

There being no necessary connection between the contentsot the twocisterns or sels of cisterns, it is plain that any liquid may be` actedupon with the same facility as water, and that hence alcohol or hotwater may be raised by cold or pure or impure water, the elevationsobtained being regula-ted by or in proportion to the relative densityofthe iuids employed.

Having thus described my improvement, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is ,s

The combination of the double or compound valves C D and C D with thecisterns G and F and simple valve G, when these several parts areconstructed and conjointly operate substantially as'described, for thepurpose set forth.

v JAS. FRERET. Witnesses:

Jos. I. CoULoN, HUGH M ADDEN.

